Unit 4
Temperature heat and energy transfer
Temperature: Temperature is directly proportional with kinetic energy since the hotter an objects molecules get, the more they move around and make more space, and the opposite way for cold.
Temperature scales: The temperature scales are Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Celsius. Thermal energy: What thermal energy is its the total of all potential energy, and kinetic energy with all of the molecules in a substance. This is different from temperature since temperature only finds average kinetic energy of the molecules. Heat transfer: Heat is transferred from something with a higher temperature to a lower temperature different types of this is conduction radiation, convection, and radiation. Conduction is heat transfer through direct contact. Radiation is caused by the sun through indirect contact through a form of electromagnetic waves. Convection is the movement of heat through liquids, gases from one place to another place, and so on. Conductors and insulators: Conductors are objects that are very good at getting, and absorbing heat. Insulators are objects, and materials that are good at the opposite and that is keeping heat out. We even did a project based off of this when we built a model house, and insulated it as best as we could with cotton balls. The two laws of thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics is that energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be converted from one from of energy to another. For example that means you could be rubbing a stick against a plank, and that makes kinetic energy then that gets transferred when it makes a fire into thermal energy. The second law of thermodynamics is that high temperatures go down to lower temperatures. For example if you have a coffee and you let it sit for a little since it was too hot so it could cool off. |